3^rd World Congress on Public Health, Nutrition & Epidemiology November 13-14, 2017 Osaka, Japan

Biography:

Dr Jerome McIntosh is a newly qualified doctor with a passion for innovation and enterprise in healthcare. His continual conquest for healthcare improvement has driven him to complete a BSc alongside his medical degree in Innovation and Enterprise in Clinical Medicine. He has used his time here to be involved in various healthcare improvement and evaluation projects, with a special interest in sport and its application in healthcare improvement. His commitment has been rewarded early in his professional journey having been awarded Early Career Innovator Prize at the International Festival of Public Health 2016.  Alongside his academic proficiencies he is a national level athlete competing in the 100m and 200m disciplines and has won various honors, the most notable; a Bronze medal at the British Universities and College Sports National Championships and the Gold medal at the North of England Senior Indoor Championships 2016. 

Abstract:

Objectives: This study aims to review current literature to assess the effectiveness of E-Health interventions in increasing physical activity in young people.

Study Design: This study is a systematic review of the literature.

Methods: A search of the literature databases Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Library, using key words ‘Adolescents’; ‘Young people’; ‘Students’; ‘Young Adults’; ‘Teenagers’; ‘E-health’; ‘Internet-based’; ‘Web-based’; ‘Exercise’; ‘Activity’; ‘Sport’; and ‘Intervention’ yielded 10 articles which fit the criteria for inclusion. PRISMA protocol was used and papers were excluded if they were disease focused, not specific to young people (those attending school, college or university), or did not measure physical activity as an outcome.

Results: Eight of the 10 studies had significant increases in physical activity as a result of an E-health intervention. Studies that did not use a theoretical principle to underpin their intervention did not achieve successful results. Interventions based on social cognitive theory were very successful in achieving an increase in physical activity. The theory of planned behaviour had mixed results, with studies having contrasting results. SMART goal principle was not effective in increasing physical activity, but had positive findings in supplementary outcomes such as goal setting.

Conclusions: E-health interventions are a very successful way to increase physical activity. More research is required to look at what theoretical principles are best to underpin interventions, and also to assess the length of intervention required for optimal results post intervention. Ideas surrounding implementation and the mediums used requires more study to evidence base these interventions for schools, colleges and university via intra or extra curriculum. 

Biography:

Frances O’Callaghan is a health psychologist in the School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University. Her research focuses on psychosocial influences on health and illness, sleep disorders, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Abstract:

Poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness are positively associated with common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders, as well as lapses in concentration and daytime tiredness. These relationships are complicated among university students who have high caffeine consumption, and high stress, both of which affect sleep quality. Methodology and Theoretical Orientation: This was a quantitative study involving 175 full-time university students from 17 to 25 years (mean = 19.43, SD = 2.06). Students completed an online questionnaire about their sleep quality, daytime functioning, caffeine consumption and recent level of stress symptomatology. Findings: Poor quality sleep was associated with diminished daytime functioning. Increased caffeine consumption influenced daytime functioning by lowering the quality of an individual’s sleep. However, the relationship between quantity of caffeine consumption and sleep was dependent on the time of day the caffeinated beverages were consumed. Increased stress was related to both reduced sleep quality and reduced daytime functioning. Conclusions: The findings highlight the implications for daytime functioning of university students not getting sufficient quality sleep, and the role of lifestyle factors pertaining to caffeine use and stress.

Biography:

Jean-Claude Javet holds a doctorate in Neurology from Zurich University and a M.Sc. in health system management from Montreal University. Dr. Javet was stationed in Kenya and Afghanistan prior to joining the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) where he served in different management positions. Dr. Javet has shown an increasing interest in private-public partnerships and served as Executive Director of the International Association of Infant Food Manufacturers (IFM) in relations with the World Health Organization, UN agencies and NGO’s. Mr. Javet is Managing Partner at Swiss Health Invest (SHI), an International Health consulting firm offering a platform for strategic partnerships in global health.  On the clinical side Dr. Javet is serving at the department of forensic psychiatry of Berne University Clinic where he focuses on the mental health challenges in the penitentiary context both of regular and migrant inmates. 

Abstract:

What can mental health as an integral part of the international health system contribute to prevent terrorist attacks that are motivated by violent religious extremism? Mechanisms of the international health system provide various political tools to address cross-border and domestic public health challenges. But are the mechanisms in place powerful enough to address the current threat of fundamentalist terrorism? The mental health dimension of violent religious extremism is not yet represented sufficiently on the global health agenda while the burden of mental health related problems is gaining more and more attention, political weight and funding. Traditional if not strict secularism in policy making by the World Health Organization (WHO) and many of its member states does not help efforts to increase collaboration and to promote stronger leadership among the most powerful religious groups in addressing mental health as an important component of counterterrorism.  The willingness of WHO, other UN agencies and member states to include participation of religious groups in public mental health based counterterrorism efforts is key. At the same time, mental health should be more prominent among the proposed strategies of the UN Counterterrorism Committee (UNCTC). This would pave the way for mental health approaches to become more influential in informing ongoing initiatives of the UNCTC, including public-private partnerships with social media- and internet companies.  

Biography:

Abstract:

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for two-thirds of all deaths globally. Health Check up camp and Health Tips  have the requisite expertise to initiate and lead NCD risk factor screening and prevention programmes. The workplace can provide an ideal setting for Health check up camps  to screen for risk factors and implement prevention programmes.

Objective

This study was designed to identify the common modifiable risk factors for NCD among employees of a corporate institution.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of NCD risk factors was conducted in  corporate institution , Delhi, India. Employees were evaluated using the World Health Organisation STEPS Instrument (Steps I and II). The prevalence of risk factors were expressed as frequencies and percentages.

Results

A total of  1086 employees (response rate 36.2%) participated in the study. Poor dietary habits, suboptimal blood pressure, Random Blood sugar level and physical inactivity were identified as the most common modifiable NCD risk factors in this population.

Conclusion

Knowledge of NCD risk factors can be used by Health care workeres  to implement health promotion programmes in the workplace as a means of reducing NCD-related economic and social burdens in  organization.

Biography:

Dr Betty is a Senior Nurse Manager with more than 13 years of nursing experiences specifically working in the outpatient settings and 12 years as an administrator. As a nurse, Dr Betty has been actively involved in quality improvement (both clinical and operations) projects as well as  innovative projects such as development and implementation of a Wound Management System and development and prototyping of a novel wound applications to digitalize measurement of wound dimension. She also focuses on researching topics related to pressure ulcer (knowledge of nurses, interface pressures between prophylaxis dressings and object surfaces; and prevalence study), nurses’ mental model and their decisions in adopting the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS); and the phenomena of second victims. Dr Betty serves on the committee to the Singapore Nursing Association (Nursing Informatics) and the Board of Directors for Upsilon Eta Chapter, a subsidiary   of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, Singapore.

Abstract:

Background:

Information technology systems have been capitalized in healthcare to support evidence-based practices. An innovative Wound Management System (WMS) was developed with a clinical decision support system (CDSS) embedded with decision-tree algorithms.

Methods:

A mixed method with pre- and post-evaluation designs was utilized. Usability testing and formative evaluations were conducted on the WMS and its treatment modalities. The initial modular,  ontological framework faced difficulties in its adoption by nurses. Thereafter, an exploratory descriptive study was conducted to understand the nurses’ decision in adopting the CDSS after initiation. Subsequent enhancement cycles focused on improving the architecture of  the WMS  to fulfill quality and operational  requirements.

Findings:

The WMS ontology consisted of (1) the information-processing unit with an input for data capture and image uploading, an output that recommends patient-specific treatment(s) prioritized according to efficacy, cost and product availability, as well as automatic billing of wound treatment; (2) the knowledge base that maintains codified treatment logics and the reasoning engine that  integrates  the data input with treatment knowledge; and (3) the simple data analytic element that mines progression of wound healing, tracks dressings for change, studies treatment compliance,  summarizes patients’ wound outlooks and reports billing reconciliation. The usability testing has ensured deployments of the successful system and enhancements in approximately 90% of the inpatient nursing units. The formative evaluations concluded with an overall agreement exceeding 90% between the subject matter experts and the CDSS. The qualitative study informed enhancements to meet nurses’ decision-making patterns that influence their adoption.

Conclusion:

The WMS, thought to be the first of its kind in Asia, has seamlessly integrates with Singapore’s cluster- wide electronic medical record system. This disruptive innovation underwent multiple iterative enhancements to ensure its accessibility and adoption as it serves as a real-time, evidence-based solution and  point-of-reference  for wound management.

Biography:

Ms. Tomoko Miyake is a Ph.D. student in health sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan. She has experience of working as a midwife for 5 years at general hospital in Kobe, Japan. She got her master’s degree in health sciences from Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, in 2016. Her master’s thesis entitled “Taste perception in Japanese reproductive aged women and relationship to nutritional status and body composition”. Her current research interests are to educate eating a balanced diet for Japanese reproductive-aged women, and to promote their nutritional status and dietary behavior.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: There has been increased concern regarding taste disorder in young Japanese women. The most commonly reason for this increase was relevant to their dietary habits. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between taste perception, and nutritional intake in young Japanese women.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Participants (n=74) were young women in their late teens and twenties. Taste perception was measured by electrogustometry and the filter-paper disc method (FPD method) over areas of the chorda tympani nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve. Nutritional status was evaluated by brief, self-administered diet history questionnaires. The index of nutritional status was based on 2015 dietary reference intakes for Japan. This study was approved by the ethical committee at Osaka University.

Findings: There were no abnormalities in relation to taste perception in electrogustometry. However, 33 (44.6%) were abnormalities in the FPD method. There were no significant differences in the nutritional intake between normal taste perception group and abnormal taste perception group. The subjects who took from 5mg to 7mg zinc per day were significantly at decreased risk of abnormal taste perception compared with subjects who took below 5mg zinc per day [odds ratio 0.094, 95% confidence interval 0.010-0.873]. In this study, about 50% of all participants had problems with taste perception. The present result suggested abnormality in taste perception was associated with zinc deficiency in young women in their late teen and twenties. Further studies are needed in order to eat well-balanced diet in order to effectively take zinc for young Japanese women.  

Biography:

Blessing Akombi has a background in public health with a passion for improving maternal and child health through evidence-based research. Her current research interest lies with epidemiology, child nutrition, international health, systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Blessing is curious about knowledge and new information. She has excellent communication and administrative skills with a drive for achievement and excellence.

Blessing Akombi has an MPH from the University of Newcastle, Australia. She recently concluded a self-sponsored PhD within 2 years with a track record of 5 peer-reviewed journal articles. Her PhD research focused on child undernutrition in sub-Saharan Africa and provided policy insights to improving child nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa, with a particular focus on Nigeria.

Blessing has conducted several systematic reviews and is currently involved in data collection and evaluation of the FRESH Health promotion aspects; a project funded by Western Sydney University partnership grant.

Abstract:

Background: Undernutrition is the underlying cause of child morbidity and mortality in Nigeria, accounting for more than 50 per cent of deaths among under-five year old children. This study examined socioeconomic-related inequalities in child undernutrition in Nigeria using the decomposition approach.

Methods: The study analysed data from the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2003 to 2013. Trends in child undernutrition were examined against socioeconomic factors. The outcome variables were stunting (HAZ<-2SD), wasting (WHZ<–2 SD) and underweight (WAZ<–2 SD) among children 0-59 months. The magnitude of child undernutrition was estimated via a concentration index, and the inequality was decomposed to ascertain the contribution of socioeconomic factors to child undernutrition over time.

Results: Socioeconomic inequality in child undernutrition increased between 2003 and 2013. The decomposition of the concentration index showed that the consistent contributing factors to the increase in socio-economic inequalities in child undernutrition were: child’s age (0 – 23 months), maternal education (no education), household wealth index (poorest household), type of residence (rural) and geopolitical zone (North East, North West).

Conclusions: This result suggests the need for a multifaceted nutrition intervention that involves improving maternal education and the adoption of social protection policies, to reduce inequalities in child undernutrition especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in Nigeria. This would set the country on its path to achieving the post-2015 sustainable development goals of improving children’s health.

Biography:

Ariani Khairunnisa Nasution is a Hospital Manager in An-Nisa Hospital, Tangerang, Indonesia. Presently, she is pursuing Magister Hospital Administration Program, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia. She also has an experience in hospital and healthcare management field for 4 years, where she has focused in business development in healthcare to support better quality and improvement in health care service.

Abstract:

Long waiting time for patient in out-patient department of healthcare becomes important in healthcare process of service nowadays because of highly demand for improvement of quality and safety in healthcare. Many studies had been done to analyze the most effective method to reduce patient waiting time in outpatient department; some of them used Six Sigma, Lean and combination of both methods. This review aims to compare the results of business process reengineering through Six Sigma method, Lean method and combination of both, in reducing outpatient’s waiting time. Systematic Review is performed to compare studies about waiting time in outpatient department (OPD) using Six Sigma method, Lean method and combination of both in health care systems. The search of journals used ProQuest, Springer and Emerald database with only journals from 2013 to 2016 that being included for this review. From 6 selected studies, there are 2 studies using Six Sigma method, 3 studies using lean tools and 1 study using lean six-sigma. In six-sigma method, patients average waiting time in Columbia and Taiwan were reduced about 40.7% and 56%. While in Lean method in Tanzania, India and South Africa the patients average waiting time were reduced about 40.7%-56%. In Lean Six Sigma method in India, the project has shown a 94% reduction in patients’ average waiting time. The findings of this study show the methods that used give significant effect in reducing waiting time, the combination of Six Sigma and Lean have a greater impact in reducing patients’ average waiting time based on the studies. The Lean Six Sigma method has more dramatic reductions in patients waiting time in outpatient department process based on the review. But the other methods still have significant value too in reducing patients waiting time.

Biography:

Hui LU, female, MB, MSc, PhD in Social Medicine and Health Management, associate professor and head of Dept. of Social Medicine & Health Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University. She has been to Dept. of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden for 3 months, and has worked in foreign loan office, Ministry of health, China for half year. In 2011, she got CMB Young Faculty Seed Grant in Health Policy and Systems Project “The impact of free distributing antipsychotics to the poor schizophrenics”. She has her research expertise in health system strengthening and policy development on disease control, health care services research for vulnerable populations, and health education and health promotion. She has done the path breaking studies on developing a “medical-nursing combined” health care model for the elderly with chronic diseases and “task shifting” in mental health services in China supported by national and provincial projects

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. As China's population ages, burden of hypertension has concentrated in elderly women groups. The empirical analyses has identified making health-related behavior changes is to be effective in controlling hypertension. The study was to discover the main behavioral risk factors influencing blood pressure control of elderly women with hypertension in Jiangsu Province, China. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: 5,234 cases of women aged 60 and above in Jiangsu Province was recruited by multi-stage stratified cluster and random sampling method in 2013, and investigated by the household health survey. The data of self-reported level of blood pressure control among diagnosed hypertension cases, and their demographic factors and behavior factors of tobacco use, alcohol use, physical activities and therapeutic actions were analyzed by chi-square test and Logistic regression modeling. Findings: (1) Hypertension were observed 2,227 out of 5,234 respondents (42.5%), of whom 1721 reported keeping blood pressure normal (77.3%). (2) According to univariate analyses, exercise frequency per week, annual physical examine, blood pressure monitoring, medicine-taking behavior, education level, geography of the place, and per capita annual incomes of households were statistically greater in the normal blood pressure group than in the abnormal blood pressure or be not aware of their blood pressure group (p < 0.05). (3) Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that exercise frequency per week, blood pressure monitoring and medicine-taking behavior were independent behavior influencing factors for blood pressure control (p < 0.05). It could be concluded regular physical activity, periodical monitoring blood pressure and taking medicine as directed have significant effect on blood pressure control. According to elderly female's features, to set up community behavior intervention model and strengthen disease management on hypertension, can help to improve the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease for elderly women.

Biography:

Mohsen Shams, MD, PhD in health education and associate professor of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences- IRAN, has his expertise in designing, implementing and evaluating the health education, health promotion, and health communication. His work is an intervention based on social marketing model to promote normal vaginal delivery and reduce the Cesarean section in primigravida pregnant women in Yasuj, Iran. 

Abstract:

Designing and implementing the effective interventions to promote normal vaginal delivery is a main health priority in Iran. This study is aimed at reducing selection of Cesarean section by primigravida through an intervention based on social marketing in Iran. In this field trial, a mixed method was done to analyze audience, market, and channel. Pregnant women who intended to do Cesarean section were selected as the specific target segment. Tailored intervention was developed based on the findings of this formative research and marketing mix or 4P (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) was developed. The product was an educational course, and messages for brief intervention in health facilities, and phone consultations by a trained midwife. Their intention to do Cesarean section was studied and compared with baseline measure. Before the intervention, 25.2 percent of the women intended to do Cesarean section (44.5% in urban and 10% in rural regions). After the intervention, we found that the intention of 78.9% of the pregnant women who had cesarean intention was changed (76.7% in urban and 87.5% in rural regions) (P< 0.001). The study showed the effectiveness of an intervention based on consumer-oriented social marketing theory and could be used to reduce Cesarean intention.

Biography:

Hui Wang has her expertise in nutritional epidemiology and molecular epidemiology. Her passion was dedicated on the mechanism of environmental and genetic impact on the diseases pathogenesis .Previously, she focused on the genetic deficiency of innate immunity would trigger the process of cancer, research has published on Hepatology.  Recently, the dietary pattern of China is undergoing the transition period; meanwhile, the overweight situation gets more and more serious. Thus, she moved her research on the nutritional epidemiology. Papers have published in European Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrition research.  

Abstract:

Purpose: To investigate the gender difference of getting metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its various associations with dietary diversity at different ages. Methods: Data of adults(n=4308) aged 18+ y with three consecutive 24-h recalls and complete co-variates information were extracted from Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2009. Modified Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was adopted to capture the diversity of diet. MetS was defined by the harmonized criteria. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was carried out to detect the association between DDS and MetS and its components for young, middle aged and elderly adults by a cross-sectional study. Results: Female were more likely to get MetS than male counterparts, especially after 50 years old, and the risk follows an inverse-U shape for both genders. Moveover, DDS played a significant protective role in MetS for young female (<45), similar trends were detected in serum TGs, abdominal adiposity, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose (all P trends < 0.05). However, this association reversed in old female (>60) [OR (95%CI): 1.69(1.05, 2.72)] and male adults [OR (95%CI): 1.59(1.04, 2.44); 2.18(1.30, 3.65)]. Greater DDS was associated with higher serum TGs, and lower HDL-C level for male adults (45≤ & <60) [OR (95%CI): 1.56(1.17,2.08); 2.00(1.24,3.24)], higher blood pressure for old men (>60) [OR (95%CI): 2.49(1.76,3.53); 1.54(1.00,2.35)], but lower blood pressure and fasting blood glucose in young man(<45) (all P <0.05). Conclusion: The association between DDS and MetS varies at different ages and differs for male and female. Targeted strategy of health education in balanced diet should be designed for different population, especially, the old women and middle aged men to reduce the burden of chronic diseases. 

Biography:

Tomoko Tachibana has her expertise in research and passion in improving the health and wellbeing. Her research on regional models for progressing toward establishment of a “Disability Registry,” using the Clinical Efficacy Database creates new pathways for improving health and welfare policies for PDs. She has been building this model over years of experience in clinical medicine, research, evaluation, teaching and administration in hospitals, public health centers and an education institution. For supporting independent decision-making and activities by PDs, and putting into practice evidence-based health and welfare policies for them, she has been advancing research to promote accumulation and utilization of epidemiological evidence data which are needed for policy evaluation, cooperation between medicine and welfare, etc. The National Institute of Public Health, whose mission is to carry out human resources development and to conduct research in public health, was established in 2002, integrating The  (former) N IPH, etc.

Abstract:

Objectives: To identify issues arising in information infrastructure development towards improving information accessibility, that is, regardless of whether they have a disability or not, can easily obtain and use information necessary for everyone in a care-centered society. Methods: We conducted a symposium entitled “Building bridges in support of communication” during the course of the Comprehensive Research Project on Disabled Persons Policy. This symposium dealt with research related to effective support methods for information assurance among persons with communication difficulties, and through speeches and discussion, issues related to the improvement of regional information accessibility were identified. Results: These issues could be organized into the following themes: the “need for a revolution in awareness toward ‘the main concerned parties’ and for greater public awareness, including among health care workers and providers of health and welfare nursing services, of the various disability support services available to regional residents”; the “need for surveys and information on the views of the concerned parties”; “the promotion of sharing of pioneering approaches among local government authorities through construction of information sites”; and “the promotion of the construction of an integrated support system based on reasonable, efficient, and effective ‘equipment’, ‘people’, and ‘software’.”

Considerations: To promote the disability health and welfare policy, we have conducted research aimed at re-evaluating these policies from the perspective of trauma prognosis, in recent years. Considering the policy trends in recent years involving regional health care, medical treatment, welfare, and nursing for disabled persons, evidence-based disability health and welfare policy should be promoted for improving information accessibility. To achieve this goal, this article proposes the construction of a disability registry database, from the perspective of “clinical efficacy information,” which is the patient information related to the diagnosis, treatment process, treatment efficacy, etc. of patients examined and/or treated at all medical institutions in Japan

Biography:

Hiroshi Mizushima has his expertise in medical informatics, computer science, public health informatics, molecular biology, etc. He has graduated from University of Tokyo, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science in 1983 and obtained his PhD in 1988 at University of Tokyo. He has established Cancer Information Service and Cancer Information Network at National Cancer Center and became Professor of Medical Omics Informatics at Tokyo Medical and Dental University in 2009. He moved to National Institute of Public Health (NIPH) in 2011 and became Director of Center for Public Health Informatics at NIPH in 2017. He is currently the President of Japan IT-Healthcare Association and others.

Abstract:

A new legal structure for rare disease (nambyo) has been established in Japan in 2015, after 42 years of measures of nambyo. We have been accumulating registry for nambyo from 2003, however, as it was based on paper registration, quality was not enough. We made a prototype system for online registry used for nambyo reimbursement application. We first categorized all disease, and made standard data sets. Our new registry system will be based under ISO13606 which is a medical international standard. Authorized doctors can put in data on Line by the new system, which has data cleaning filter for accurate data entry. Patients will be supported their medical expense by authorization by this system, so the registry will be efficient. We also made Offline registry system, in case of lacking online access due to security at hospitals. As this system for nambyo was also used for pediatric rare disease registry, it was the good example for broad range of diseases. We were asked to make a guideline for Patient registries as a government funded project in 2016. We compared PARENT which is a European project and AHRQ which is an American guideline for patient registries. There is currently no international guideline or standard for patient registry, however, to perform patient research or integrate worldwide information, which is important in the field of rare disease. We are also trying to integrate patient reported outcomes data using patient portals. It is very important to get patient database for evidence based public health and precision public health.

Biography:

Frances O’Callaghan is a Health Psychologist in the School of Applied Psychology in Griffith University. Her research focuses on psychosocial influences on health and illness, sleep disorders and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness are positively associated with common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders, as well as lapses in concentration and daytime tiredness. These relationships are complicated among university students who have high caffeine consumption and high stress, both of which affect sleep quality.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: This was a quantitative study involving 175 full-time university students from 17 to 25 years (mean=19.43, SD=2.06). Students completed an online questionnaire about their sleep quality, daytime functioning, caffeine consumption and recent level of stress symptomatology.

Findings: Poor quality sleep was associated with diminished daytime functioning. Increased caffeine consumption influenced daytime functioning by lowering the quality of an individual’s sleep. However, the relationship between quantity of caffeine consumption and sleep was dependent on the time of day the caffeinated beverages were consumed. Increased stress was related to both reduced sleep quality and reduced daytime functioning.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the implications for daytime functioning of university students not getting sufficient quality sleep, and the role of lifestyle factors pertaining to caffeine use and stress.

Biography:

Dr. Kim has enthusiasm and expertise in public health. He is actively participating in community health promotion activities and has atopy and asthma education information center. He is evaluating the quality of life of children with allergies and is trying to provide a basis for health promotion school for allergic diseases

Abstract:

The EuroQol Group developed the EQ-5D-Y, a child-friendly version of the EQ-5D to be used with children and adolescents. This study aimed to comparison of health-related quality of life of elementary school students according to allergy symptoms using of the EQ-5D-Y.  The subjects of the study were recruited by convenience sampling from 10 primary schools in Gyungbuk, South Korea. We sent informing newsletter to the students' families. The EQ-5D-Y was self-administered in the sample population and demographic and health information were collected from the subjects’ parents or guardians. In order to explore the construct validity of the EQ-5D-Y, the difference in the percentage of respondents reporting problems by prevalence of allergic symptoms (wheezing, runny or blocked nose, and itchy rash) in the past 12 months. In addition, the difference in the percentage of respondents reporting problems and EQ-VAS score depending on the number of allergic symptoms were examined. Total 2,494 questionnaire were collected. Missing response was 24 (0.96%) on the EQ-5D-Y and 187 (7.5%) on the VAS. Proportion of reported problem ranged from 2.3% on the mobility to 9.8% on the having pain or discomfort dimension. Group with wheezing, rhinorrhea or nasal stiffness, and itching rash were showed significantly higher problem reporting proportion in most EQ-5D-Y dimensions than healthy group without each symptom. As the number of symptoms increase, Percentage of respondent reporting problems were increased and the VAS score decreased.   

Biography:

Moien Khan is a practicing family physician trained in United Kingdom and moved to United Arab Emirates in 2013.  He has done his masters in management of diabetes mellitus and also holds a masters in Health economics, policy and Management from London school of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom. He is passionate about management of Type 2 Diabetes and its complications.  His research areas includes looking at the burden of diabetes mellitus and its complications. 

Abstract:

Chronic Kidney disease is an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in United Arab Emirates. End stage renal disease is an important public health problem in United Arab Emirates .Multiple metabolic factors contribute to chronic kidney disease. There has been a rising trend in the rate of chronic kidney disease.

Data was collected and analyzed from http://www.healthdata.org.   For chronic kidney disease, the crude DALYs rate per 100 000 increased from 354.7 95 in 2010 95% uncertainty Interval (UI) (456.92-265.91) in 2010 to 432.70 in 2015 ,95% uncertainty interval (UI) (586.47- 305.75). During the time period 2010–2015, the total DALY’s of chronic kidney disease increased by 121.98 % compared with a 94.26% increase in the rest of the world. The study shows a high burden of chronic kidney disease in United Arab Emirates attributed to multiple risk factors. This has attributed to an increase in overall DALY’s.  

The findings call for prioritizing and incorporating programs to control and prevent risk factors such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension .Also it calls to implement awareness among the population and clinicians, with strategies to strengthen evidence based management in primary care.

Biography:

Hoon Kim specializes in reproductive endocrinology and has particular interest in the field of infertility, menopause, endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and adolescent gynecology. He had served as a Secretary General to the Korean Society of Assistant Reproduction and the Korean Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health. Dr. Kim is also a member of numerous medical societies. 

Abstract:

We aimed to evaluate the dietary factors affecting metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean postmenopausal women from the population-based study.

This cross-sectional study was based on nationwide representative survey data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008. A total of 751 postmenopausal women (mean age 64.8 years) were included from the KNHANES 2008. The KNHANES has been conducted periodically since 1998 and is composed of data from the civilian, non-institutionalized population of the Republic of Korea using a stratified, multi-stage sampling with a probability proportional to size. The sampling frame was based on the 2005 population and housing census in Korea. MetS was identified according to the new criteria from a joint scientific statement endorsed by major organizations including National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate dietary intakes.

Overall, a total of 342 participants (45.5%) were diagnosed as having MetS. The intake of energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, soda, coffee, calcium, vitamin A, carotene, retinol, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin C was assessed according to the status of MetS. The β-carotene intake was significantly lower in participants with MetS compared with those who not having MetS (2776.4 ug vs 3537.7 ug, P=0.03). Additionally, the group with lower β-carotene intake (less than 2000 ug/day) has 1.14 times higher odds for MetS, but the statistical significance was modest (P=0.07). The number of MetS components was not associated with the intake of β-carotene after adjustment for potential confounders including age, years since menopause, body mass index.

Considering the β-carotene contribution in antioxidant protection, it is suggested that great attention be given to the dietary pattern in patients with MetS. In conclusion, the intake of β-carotene was associated with MetS in Korean postmenopausal women, and further investigation is needed for the pathophysiologic mechanism. 

Biography:

Rehnuma Haque is a third year doctoral student under Department of Human Ecology in Kagoshima University. Her research focuses on reproductive and child environmental health. She is interested to understand the basic information necessary to identify major routes of exposure to environmental toxicants such as pesticides with detrimental effects on child bearing aged women and also the toxicological impact of environmental chemical compounds on children in different stages of developmental milestone. She hopes that this research will help protect developing children from environmental health hazards and promote a healthy adulthood. Prior to joining doctoral course, she was a research physician in enteric vaccine unit at the International Choleral and Diarrheoal Disease Research Centre, Bangladesh (icddr,b), an international research organization which aims to harness the power of high-quality research in Bangladesh. She is a medical graduate and earned MPH in reproductive and child health from Bangladesh.

Abstract:

This research was conducted to identify and reduce human exposure to DDT, especially women of reproductive age in Bangladesh, and determine a relation between the DDT exposure levels in serum and major food items.

DDT is a persistent, lipophilic chemical that is known to accumulate in human tissues. Exposure to these chemical has been linked to reproductive health effects, cancer, and impaired growth and development of children. Primary routes exposure to DDT are through diet, breastfeeding, and placental transfer. DDT has significant potential to bio accumulate in the food chain and living organisms due to its persistence, and is a major public health concern, especially in areas prone to malaria.

In Bangladesh, the utilization of DDT as a pesticide in agriculture to increase crop production can be traced back to the mid-1950s. DDT products have been mostly used chemicals for public health, particularly for mosquito eradication program, started in 1965, as indoor residual spray (IRS) which was supplied by the World Health Organization. In early 1980s DDT was prohibited for agricultural purposes. Around 1992/93, all usages of DDT products were banned in every sector. Currently, they are used only if a detrimental outbreak occurs in certain focal areas.

In this study several POPs (DDTs, PCBs, Chlordanes, HCHs, HCBs, and PeCBs) were quantified. Among them DDTs showed the highest concentration. It was followed by PCB > PeCBs, > HxCBs. Furthermore, meat and fish exhibited higher concentrations of DDT and its metabolites (DDTs: p, p’-DDT, p, p’-DDD, and p, p’-DDE). However, only p, p′-DDE was detected in the serum samples. Statistical results suggested that consumption of meat such as beef and mutton may contribute to higher serum levels of p, p′-DDE.

Biography:

Seung Hee Ho is presently working as the Department of Rehabilitation Standard & Policy, Korea National Rehabilitation Research Institute, Korea.

Abstract:

Aim & Objectives: Physical disabilities, caused by accidents, congenital, genetic disorder, and serious illness, affect function and mobility that result in activity limitation, mental health problems and losing self-management, which may lead to chronic disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related with health behaviours and mental health in chronic disease focused on hypertension, diabetes and obesity for people with physical disabilities (PWPD).

Methods: Prospective cohort study

Subjects: Adults (40-69 years) in Seoul with physical disability enrolled in Korean Disabled Registration System (n = 212)

Clinical examination: Height, weight and blood test were assessed. Questionnaire: Demographics and health related factors (health behaviours, and mental health) were examined by face-to-face interview. Data analysis: Baseline 1st 2nd year cross-sectional data used and frequency of all subjects and comparison between groups using the Chi-square test and Logistic regression (SPSS 20.0). Related research results: Prevalence of hypertension 41.1%, diabetes 19.6% and obesity 32.0% in non-disabled people (2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey among responded non-disability over 19 year)

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that 1) PWPD has a higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and obesity than non- disabled people. 2) Health behaviour factors and mental health are associated with chronic disease such as diabetes and obesity. Limitation and Further studies: Sample size was small to detect a significant difference due to community-based voluntary participation. Further studies are needed to identify risk factors for occurrence of chronic diseases, and expected to be a foundation for health policy for PWPD.

Biography:

Mika Hasegawa is a Professor of Community Health Nursing at University of Fukui, Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing. Her current focus is domestic violence and organizing participatory community health programs. Her recent research was on the effectiveness of domestic violence prevention education for university students. She is a director of victim’s support group in Fukui prefecture. She is also involved in several community partnerships supporting domestic violence victims.

Abstract:

To clarify the relationship between the awareness of psychological violence committed by those in relationships with university students and students’ attitudes toward love.

A self-administered questionnaire survey was distrusted among 232 students at University Z in Japan. The survey contents included their awareness regarding psychological violence from romantic partners (10 items) and their attitudes toward love (24 items). Toward love scale is composed of six subscales: Eros (passionate and aesthetic love), Agape (altruistic love), Mania (manic and obsessive love), Storge (fraternal love), Ludus (fun and playful love), Pragma (practical love). The relationship between awareness of psychological violence and attitudes toward love was examined using Fisher’s exact test.

Of the 232 students, valid responses were obtained from 151 students, 90.1% were women and 9.9% were men, with a mean age of 20.3 years (SD 1.2).

Regarding the relationship between the awareness of violence committed by romantic partners and attitudes toward love, those students in the Agape group were found to have significantly higher rates of ‘not violent’ responses than those in other attitude groups for two items: ‘He/she shouts loudly and swears at me.’ (p =.026); ‘He/she threatens me by thrusting a knife or other objects toward me.’ (p =.008). The Mania group was also found to have a significantly higher rate of a ‘not violent’ response for ‘He/she threatens me by thrusting a knife or other objects toward me.’ (p =.024) in comparison with other attitudes groups.

The study findings clarified the relationships between attitudes toward love and awareness toward violence. It would be useful to carry out education programs firstly by providing students with opportunities to increase awareness of their own attitudes toward love, and based on this understanding of their own attitudes, help them to increase awareness toward potential violence committed by romantic partners.

Biography:

So-Young Kim has her expertise in food services. She has been in academia and industry for the last 20 years, pursuing the balance between theory and practice. Her areas of research interests include institutional and commercial food services, food marketing and food culture. Presently, she focuses on promoting healthy food environment and sustainable development in food services.

Abstract:

The prevalence of obesity among adults, who consist mainly of a working population, has grown rapidly and has been highlighted as a major public health concern. Therefore, this study was designed to provide scientific evidence on the effectiveness of worksite-based dietary intervention to reduce obesity among overweight/obese employees. Electronic search was performed using Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and CINAHL databases. The keywords used were obesity, nutrition therapy and worksite. The internal validity of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed using the Cochrane’s Risk of Bias. Meta-analysis of selected studies was performed using Review Manager 5.3. We identified 7 RCTs with 2,854 participants that fitted our inclusion criteria. The effectiveness of dietary interventions was analyzed in terms of changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol and blood pressure. We observed that weight decreased with weighted mean difference (WMD) of -4.37 (95% confidence interval (CI: -6.54 to -2.20), but the effectiveness was statistically significant only in short-term programs <6 months (p=0.001). BMI decreased with WMD of -1.29 (95% CI: -2.88 to 0.29), demonstrating effectiveness, but it was not statistically significant. Total cholesterol decreased with WMD of -5.57 (95% CI: -9.07 to -2.07) mg/dL, demonstrating significant effectiveness (p=0.002). Both systolic (WMD=-4.91 mmHg) and diastolic (-3.12 mmHg) blood pressure decreased, demonstrating effectiveness, but with no statistical significance. In conclusion, study results revealed that dietary intervention programs to treat obesity at worksites demonstrated a modest short-term effect on weight loss and total cholesterol reduction.

Biography:

So-Young Kim has her expertise in food services. She has been in academia and industry for the last 20 years, pursuing the balance between theory and practice. Her areas of research interests include institutional and commercial food services, food marketing and food culture. Presently, she focuses on promoting healthy food environment and sustainable development in food services.

Abstract:

The market size of the food service industry is expanding globally and the proportion of people eating out of home (OH) on a frequent basis is increasing. Previous studies have suggested that dietary changes due to the increased frequency of eating OH were one of the major contributing factors to an obesogenic environment. Therefore, this study aimed to provide baseline data and insight that can contribute to a policy for promoting healthy eating among Korean make workers by analyzing the nutritional quality of dinner meals eating out of home (OH) versus eating at home (AH). This study was performed on 1,634 Korean male workers aged 19 to 64 years among the total of 15,508 individuals who participated in the 24-hour recall dietary survey through the 6^th (2013-2014) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects were classified and analyzed according to the type of dinner they have eaten: Out-of-Home Groups (OHG) (n=659) and At-Home Group (AHG) (n=975). Relatively young male white-collar workers with a higher level of education and income were more likely to eat OH for dinner. The OHG had a higher intake of energy, fat and sodium, but a lower intake of carbohydrate from dinner than the AHG. The contributions of dinner to daily energy and macronutrient intakes, except for carbohydrate, were higher in the OHG. In addition, the OHG was less likely to have dinner meals following a Korean traditional pattern. Overall, the results suggest that nutritional quality of dinner meals eating OH by Korean male workers had more potential problems. Therefore, it should not be overlooked that eating OH is an important arena where strategies for healthier eating can be deployed when establishing worksite health promotion or a national nutrition policy.

Biography:

Jihyun Yoon is a Professor of the Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, South Korea. She has graduated from Seoul National University, majoring in Food and Nutrition and Business Administration. She has earned her MS from Iowa State University and PhD from Purdue University, USA, specializing foodservice for children. Previously, she has worked as a Program Specialist at the Child Nutrition Division of Texas Education Agency, Austin, USA. Her research topics have included food and nutrition policy and marketing, nutrition support programs for needy children and school lunch system.

Abstract:

The purpose of the study was to examine the current status and trend of lifecycle-based dietary guidelines around the world. The homepage of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations provides information regarding the dietary guidelines of countries around the world. At the time of the study (October 2016), such information of 84 countries were available through the homepage. Information was reviewed with a focus on lifecycle-based dietary guidelines. Only 13 among 84 countries had separate dietary guidelines targeting specific audiences based on lifecycle: Austria, Belgium, Benin, Croatia, Cyprus, Estonia, France, Latvia, Poland, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, and Thailand. Other 11 countries provided some guidelines additional to the general dietary guidelines, depending on lifecycle-based targets: Afghanistan, Australia, Chile, China, Finland, Georgia, Ireland, Italy, Mexico, Sri Lanka and Switzerland. The most commonly targeted audience based on lifecycle were pregnant/lactation women, infants/young children, adolescents and the elderly among the 24 countries. The rest 60 countries had only one set of dietary guidelines targeting the general audience. In case of France, it was noticeable that guidelines were provided for parents or caregivers of children/adolescents and the elderly. None of the countries provided dietary guidelines specifically targeting women of child-bearing age. Australia included-Encourage support and promote breastfeeding as one of the five dietary guidelines for the general public. The study was conducted for providing directions regarding revision of dietary guidelines for Koreans with the Korean government, but the results could be useful for other countries considering developing or revising lifecycle-based dietary guidelines. 

Biography:

Pascal Byarugaba is a Professional Health and Project Management Specialist with over six years of practical experience in program management, monitoring and evaluation for child survival, maternal and adolescent health, malaria and community health financing. Currently supporting the Butaleja MNCH project as an M&E Officer, his research interest is in the development of strategies aimed at translating research works into meaningful and relevant policies to improve health outcomes in the global south. He has worked with international organizations including HealthPartners and Amref Health Africa on a number of community health systems strengthening programs in the local settings.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Village health teams (VHTs) are community health workers trained to strengthen primary health care in the community. They are an essential component of the health system through providing the critical link between the health facilities and their communities. A large proportion of maternal deaths occur in settings in which vital registration is deficient and many sick women do not access services. As a result most of these deaths occur around the time of labor, delivery and immediate postpartum. However, the risk of pregnancy-related complications, maternal and infant disability and death can be reduced by improving access to quality care before, during and after pregnancy. This paper presents how VHTs have improved maternal and newborn health care in Butaleja district.

Methodology: Through the KOICA funded Butaleja Maternal, Neonatal and Child health (BMNCH) project, World Vision focused on the community based approaches to address the delays in seeking appropriate care and inability to access care in a timely manner. This involved training and tooling of VHTs to map, follow up and refer pregnant women and newborns for antenatal care, delivery and postnatal care. This is continued until the child is two years of age. From January, 2015, a total number of 1208 VHTs have taken on the initiative in all 245 villages of Butaleja district.

Findings: A pre and post intervention analysis of health management information system (HMIS) dataset before and after the intervention was conducted. Three parameters of pregnant women attending first ANC in first trimester, 4^th ANC and health facility deliveries were considered. For both parameters, there is an observed improvement.

Conclusion: Village health team members have created awareness and demand and hence increased uptake of MNCH services.

Biography:

Richard Muhumuza is a Public Health Specialist with over eight years of practical and professional experience in maternal and child health, nutrition, adolescent health, project management and scientific evaluations. Currently coordinating a maternal newborn and child health project in Uganda, his interests are in working with communities for improved and equitable health service to most vulnerable groups in the population especially women and children.

Abstract:

Introduction & Aim: Geographical inaccessibility, lack of transport and financial burden remain the main constrains to maternal and child health services in Uganda. Despite the progress made in the past decade in reducing maternal mortality ratio from 506 deaths per 100,000 to 336 deaths per 100,000 live births, it is clear, there is still need for consorted effort to address both demand and supply factors in the system for better results. Most interventions have in the past targeted supply side of the health care system leaving an imbalance. In the past two years, World vision under BMNCH Project has been supporting pregnant women in Butaleja district with transport vouchers to promote institutional deliveries. The paper is aimed sharing lessons learned throughout the process a as a demonstration of supporting the demand side of the health system.

Methods: Operation research during project implementation. Both quantitative and qualitative Data was collected during activity implementation cleaned and analyzed for results.

Results: The number of pregnant women delivering from health facilities has increased from approximately 410 per month to 750 per month. Subsequently there has been general improvement in service uptake of antenatal and postnatal care. Motorists continue to transport women to the health facilities without money but in anticipation of a voucher that will be paid off later. The system has also enhanced relations and cooperation between the community members and the health service providers.

Conclusion: Transport voucher system seems to be an effective strategy of increasing institutional deliveries and subsequently uptake of other maternal and child health services.

Biography:

Eun Seok Kim is a Health Specialist and Infectious Diseases Doctor who has joined Butaleja MNCH project in Uganda since 2017. He has experienced as a Clinician and Health Specialist in Malawi, Peru, South Korea and Uganda. He has interest in improving health system in developing countries and in strengthening community based health solutions.

Abstract:

In 2015, Uganda's maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is 368 per 100,000 live births, which declined by 30% for the last 15 years. However it is still higher than global MMR of 216 per 100,000 live births. Butaleja district is one of 111 districts in Uganda whose maternal mortality and under-five mortality are high. We used three delay models on maternal and child health to analyze the causes of maternal and under-five mortality in Butaleja district and planned health programs to address the causes of the problems. These four-year programs have been implemented since 2015. According to problem analysis of maternal and child mortality and morbidity in Butaleja, we categorized the causes of the problems into three parts. Based on the problem analysis, we did objective analysis and set goals, outcomes, outputs and inputs. We conducted a mid-term review (MTR) in July 2017 to evaluate the projects implemented since 2015. By comparing the result from baseline survey and MTR, we have looked at changes in indicators that threaten maternal and child health. We have achieved some of the project’s outcomes as we expected in the beginning of the project. For example, the proportion of mothers who attended ANC at or before 16 weeks for the most recent child birth has changed from 29.7% in the baseline survey to 72.5% in MTR, showing 42.8% increase (95% CI: 37.1-48.1%, p-value <0.001) However, some of the outcomes have not been achieved as much as we foreseen. For example, the proportion of mothers who initiated breast feeding within one hour of birth for the most recent child birth has only 0.8% increase between baseline survey and MTR as showing 80.8% and 81.6%, respectively (95% CI: -3.9-5.6%, p-value: 0.735).

Biography:

Ji-Hyun Bae is a professor of Food Science and Nutrition at Keimyung University in Korea. She is an associate editor in  Journal of Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, and was a visiting Professor of Pediatrics - Harvard Medical School/Massachusetts General Hospital

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: To determine and search for the genes that are associated with gastritis and are possible therapeutic targets for precision nutrition.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Participants in this cross-sectional study (n = 3882 + 252) were from a cohort of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES) in 2001. The age, gender, education, smoking and drinking status, exercise, stress, and income level for all participants were determined via questionnaire. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected. Fasting blood samples were collected to determine serum levels of glucose, insulin, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides. The presence of chronic gastritis was defined as confirmed diagnosis by a physician. Food consumption was determined using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.

Results: (1) We found eight different single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are significantly different between subjects without gastritis and those with gastritis. Of eight SNPs, three [rs17183225 (C/T), rs17780814 (A/C), and rs17780820 (A/G)] are closely located in the intronic region of zinc transporter SLC39A11, commonly known as ZIP11 and show linkage disequilibrium (D´=1.0). (2) We also found that participants with (TCA+TCG) haplotype of ZIP11, at high levels of dietary intake of spicy foods, showed a significantly increasing tendency in odds of being having chronic gastritis when compared with those with CAA haplotype (OR 2.620; 95% CI, 1.207-5.689). (3) Demographics analyses revealed that education, exercise, income, and stress levels are associated with the presence of gastritis (all P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, BMI, fasting glucose, macronutrient intakes, riboflavin, and coffee drinking are associated with gastritis (all P < 0.05). We also found positive associations between higher meal frequency and lower spicy food preference and gastritis.

Conclusions: Zinc transporter gene ZIP11 is associated with chronic gastritis in the Korean population and may interact with spicy food, which suggests ZIP11 as a therapeutic target for precision nutrition.

Biography:

Mohsen Shams, MD, PhD in health education and associate professor of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences- IRAN, has his expertise in designing, implementing and evaluating the health education, health promotion, and health communication. His work is an intervention based on social marketing model to promote normal vaginal delivery and reduce the Cesarean section in primigravida pregnant women in Yasuj, Iran. 

Abstract:

Designing and implementing the effective interventions to promote normal vaginal delivery is a main health priority in Iran. This study is aimed at reducing selection of Cesarean section by primigravida through an intervention based on social marketing in Iran. In this field trial, a mixed method was done to analyze audience, market, and channel. Pregnant women who intended to do Cesarean section were selected as the specific target segment. Tailored intervention was developed based on the findings of this formative research and marketing mix or 4P (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) was developed. The product was an educational course, and messages for brief intervention in health facilities, and phone consultations by a trained midwife. Their intention to do Cesarean section was studied and compared with baseline measure. Before the intervention, 25.2 percent of the women intended to do Cesarean section (44.5% in urban and 10% in rural regions). After the intervention, we found that the intention of 78.9% of the pregnant women who had cesarean intention was changed (76.7% in urban and 87.5% in rural regions) (P< 0.001). The study showed the effectiveness of an intervention based on consumer-oriented social marketing theory and could be used to reduce Cesarean intention.

Keywords: Social Marketing, Normal Vaginal Delivery, Promotion

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Evidence from India suggests access to PMTCT services for pregnant women in India remained very low with 218 priority districts identified where PMTCT services uptake remained even lower (0.27% to 29.8% - with an aggregate average of 18%) when compared with a national average of 42%. Complementing India’s dual elimination strategy of HIV and Syphilis.  Districts with lower number of health facilities with a poor supply chain management system for HIV test kit and other consumables (13% HIV testing facilities to cater 45% of countries estimated pregnancy.

Methodology: India has an elaborate public health system to take care of the ANC registered pregnant women and the new born. There are 2 hundred thousand facilities with 412 medical colleges and 762 district hospitals, 1020 sub-district hospitals, 5390 community health centres, 25297 public health centres and around 150thousand sub centres to cater 28 million pregnancies for general ANC care. Programme initiated to Integrate of HIV testing services with these general public health set up. And successful integration has brought substantial progress towards achieving universal coverage of pregnant women with HIV testing. HIV testing has been initiated at the Village Health and Sanitation DY (VHND) through Ahana trained ANMS and Asha supervisors.

Result: Around 10 thousand peripheral health workers have been trained by Ahana on the HIV testing and then the related cascade. There are another pool of 10 thousand volunteers are trained under the scheme. The integration has resulted in a dramatic increase in the HIV testing among pregnant women from 21% in Sept,15 to 52% in Septmentber,16.

Conclusion: The integration of HIV testing and related services with the general public health has not only helped in increasing the HIV testing services but also contributed in removal of stigma attached to the disease. As ANMs and ASHA are very well accepted in the rural village level population so ASHA taking about the HIV and related service parameters has contributed in a big way towards generating the demand for HIV testing services among the pregnant women and also supported in getting more number of pregnant women tested towards reaching the Govt. of India mandate of MTCT.

Biography:

Mohsen Shams, MD, PhD in health education and associate professor of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences- IRAN, has his expertise in designing, implementing and evaluating the health education, health promotion, and health communication. His work is an intervention based on social marketing model to promote normal vaginal delivery and reduce the Cesarean section in primigravida pregnant women in Yasuj, Iran. 

Abstract:

Gestational weight gain (GWG) is a determinant of health and nutrition of mothers and offspring. However, many factors associated with GWG are not completely understood. The present study assessed the relationship between socio-demographics, dietary intake, and physical activity with GWG in 308 Iranian pregnant women attending government healthcare centres in Rafsanjan city, Iran. Women gained an average of 12.87±3.57 kg during pregnancy while 54% did not gain weight within the Institute of Medicine (IOM)-recommended range. Univariate logistic models showed that gestational weight gain was related to age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), energy intake, and sitting time. Cumulative logit model showed positive relationship between age (p=0.0137) and pre-pregnancy BMI (p<0.0001) with GWG. All pregnant women should be counseled on achieving the recommended GWG to prevent adverse maternal and prenatal outcomes. Pre-pregnancy and gestational nutritional status and physical activity should be emphasized in antenatal care.

Key words: Dietary intake, Gestational weight gain, Physical activity, Pregnancy, Iran

Biography:

Frances O’Callaghan is a health psychologist in the School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University. Her research focuses on psychosocial influences on health and illness, sleep disorders, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

Abstract:

Poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness are positively associated with common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders, as well as lapses in concentration and daytime tiredness. These relationships are complicated among university students who have high caffeine consumption, and high stress, both of which affect sleep quality. Methodology and Theoretical Orientation: This was a quantitative study involving 175 full-time university students from 17 to 25 years (mean = 19.43, SD = 2.06). Students completed an online questionnaire about their sleep quality, daytime functioning, caffeine consumption and recent level of stress symptomatology. Findings: Poor quality sleep was associated with diminished daytime functioning. Increased caffeine consumption influenced daytime functioning by lowering the quality of an individual’s sleep. However, the relationship between quantity of caffeine consumption and sleep was dependent on the time of day the caffeinated beverages were consumed. Increased stress was related to both reduced sleep quality and reduced daytime functioning. Conclusions: The findings highlight the implications for daytime functioning of university students not getting sufficient quality sleep, and the role of lifestyle factors pertaining to caffeine use and stress

Biography:

Dr Cheah Whye Lian is an associate professor in the Department of Community Medicine and Public Health.  Her research focused on the issues on overweight and obesity from children to adulthood.  She has knowledge in conducting quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods research.  Her work also involves studies among the indigenous groups of Sarawak, looking at the interaction between cultural and health behaviors, particularly among the Iban and Bidayuh communities.    She is the principal investigator of a project focusing on non-communicable disease among adolescents in Sarawak funded by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia.  She also had completed projects on physical activity, body image, disordered eating among school children.  

Abstract:

The association between obesity and hypertension has been largely reported in adult population, but limited for adolescents, particularly in Sarawak.  The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and its association with obesity among indigenous adolescents aged 12-17 years in Sarawak. It was a cross-sectional using questionnaire, anthropometric and blood pressure measurement. Using a systematic sampling procedure, a total of 18 secondary schools representing urban and rural from 11 divisions of Sarawak were selected. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Program (SPSS) version 22.0. A total of 1780 secondary school children participated in the study with 58.9% females and 20.1% reported at least one of the parents with history of hypertension.   The prevalence of pre-hypertension was 13.4%, stage 1 hypertension was 13.5% and stage 2 hypertension was 4.7%.  The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.4%, elevated waist circumference was 13.4, and overfat and obese was 6.2%.  The prevalence of hypertension among male respondents was 23.9%, female respondents was 14.1%. In multiple logistic regression, adjusting for age and family history, hypertension was associated with sex (males) (OR=3.20, p<0.000), ethnic group (ref=Iban, Malay, OR=0.72, p=0.015; Bidayuh, OR=0.65, p=0.019), overweight and obese (OR=3.311, p<0.000), elevated waist circumference (OR=2.15, p<0.000),   overfat and obese (OR=2.08, p=0.004).  Hypertension and obesity in this population is highly prevalent. Screening blood pressure and assessment of nutritional status can be recommended as the routine health assessment in school health programme to detect and provide early intervention to those at risk of hypertension.    

Biography:

My name is Byanicha Aurora. I am 27 years old from Indonesia. I has completed my medical in 2012 and graduated from Sriwijaya University, South Sumatera, Indonesia. I had worked as an Intership doctor in 2013-2014 at one of regional hospitals and community health centres in Jambi City. After finishing my intership program, I have worked as a general practioner in rural area of Indonesia that called PTT doctor for almost 3 years, and now I have been a government employee working in the same area when i was still being a PTT doctor. I am going to publish my first paper by title of Determinants of Stunting among 0-23 month-old in rural area of Indonesia  in the 5^th Asia Pacific Conference on Public Health held at Sarawak, Malaysia.

Abstract:

Incidence of cardiovascular disease in adulthood could not be separated from the continuous interaction from infancy through adolescence. Some risk factors for cardiovascular disease occurred since his teens. High level of low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol is often indicative of increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The ratio of LDL to HDL and total cholesterol to HDL can be used to reveal the risk of it. This research is to estimate the influence of 12 potential factors and to find association of BMI and waist to hip ratio with the level of LDL to HDL and total cholesterol to HDL ratio. A correlation ratio (ETA) design study using primary data which are gathered prospectively among random adolescents in Jambi whose BMI is underweight,normal,overweight,and obese that could participate on the day of the survey. Data on 12 potential factors including daily intake, physical ativity, and family history were collected three days.We administered a questionnaire and measured BMI and waist to hip ratio to assess statistical relation with the level of LDL to HDL and total cholesterol to HDL ratio. Category of LDL to HDL and total cholesterol to HDL ratio was stratified from high risk and low risk.  Examination of lipid profiles were done at the clinical laboratory of Abdul Manap Regional Public Hospital in Jambi. Duration of research was about 3 months. The study included 50 people with age span of 16 to 20 years old with all of them had low level of LDL to HDL and total cholesterol to HDL ratio. Most of samples were underweight (42%) resulting low risk for cardiovascular disease as well as normal (24%), overweight (26%),and obese (8%) people. BMI was likely to influence the low level of  LDL to HDL (Æž2=0,705) and total cholesterol to HDL ratio (Æž2=0,765),confirmed statistically significant. 94% samples with low risk category of waist to hip ratio were likely to have low risk for cardiovascular disease. Waist to hip ratio influenced the low level of  LDL to HDL (Æž2 =0,003)  and total cholesterol to HDL ratio (Æž2 =0,021). Other factors that associated with  the level of LDL to HDL and total cholesterol to HDL ratio were frequence of daily intake including fruit, vegetables, and snacking consumption, physical activity, and family history of uncommunicable disease. The strongest association was a relation of the level of LDL to HDL and total cholesterol to HDL ratio with Body Mass Index. By knowing the risk factors, cardiovascular disease can be prevented at earlier age.

η 2 {displaystyle eta ^{2}}Key words : Cardiovascular disease, lipid profile, risk factor

Biography:

Dr Jerome McIntosh is a newly qualified doctor with a passion for innovation and enterprise in healthcare. His continual conquest for healthcare improvement has driven him to complete a BSc alongside his medical degree in Innovation and Enterprise in Clinical Medicine. He has used his time here to be involved in various healthcare improvement and evaluation projects, with a special interest in sport and its application in healthcare improvement. His commitment has been rewarded early in his professional journey having been awarded Early Career Innovator Prize at the International Festival of Public Health 2016.  Alongside his academic proficiencies he is a national level athlete competing in the 100m and 200m disciplines and has won various honors, the most notable; a Bronze medal at the British Universities and College Sports National Championships and the Gold medal at the North of England Senior Indoor Championships 2016. 

Abstract:

Objectives: This study aims to review current literature to assess the effectiveness of E-Health interventions in increasing physical activity in young people.

Study Design: This study is a systematic review of the literature.

Methods: A search of the literature databases Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Library, using key words ‘Adolescents’; ‘Young people’; ‘Students’; ‘Young Adults’; ‘Teenagers’; ‘E-health’; ‘Internet-based’; ‘Web-based’; ‘Exercise’; ‘Activity’; ‘Sport’; and ‘Intervention’ yielded 10 articles which fit the criteria for inclusion. PRISMA protocol was used and papers were excluded if they were disease focused, not specific to young people (those attending school, college or university), or did not measure physical activity as an outcome.

Results: Eight of the 10 studies had significant increases in physical activity as a result of an E-health intervention. Studies that did not use a theoretical principle to underpin their intervention did not achieve successful results. Interventions based on social cognitive theory were very successful in achieving an increase in physical activity. The theory of planned behaviour had mixed results, with studies having contrasting results. SMART goal principle was not effective in increasing physical activity, but had positive findings in supplementary outcomes such as goal setting.

Conclusions: E-health interventions are a very successful way to increase physical activity. More research is required to look at what theoretical principles are best to underpin interventions, and also to assess the length of intervention required for optimal results post intervention. Ideas surrounding implementation and the mediums used requires more study to evidence base these interventions for schools, colleges and university via intra or extra curriculum. 

Biography:

Yu-sheng Shen received his Master of Urban and Regional Planning degree at National Taipei University in 2004. In 2016, he received his Ph.D. degree at the Department of Land Economics in National Chengchi University. Yu-sheng Shen has his expertise in environmental health and urban planning.

Abstract:

Previous studies have shown that green spaces are beneficial to health; however, few studies have analyzed the relationship among green space, atmospheric environment, and health. This work applies collaborative conceptual modelling (CCM) approach to analyze the relationship and effect  of green space, atmospheric environment, and health. Moreover, to enhance the benefits of green space on health, this paper also proposes several strategies for managing green spaces. The proposed strategies may serve as a reference for other metropolitan areas with features similar to those of the study area.

Biography:

Mark Owusu is a Research Fellow at the University of Canterbury with a passion in health policy and non-communicable disease epidemiology. His research interest lies in the control of non-communicable diseases in Africa with a focus on hypertension and diabetes. He is currently researching on the current epidemiological trends in hypertension and diabetes occurrence in Ghana and the policy response to these conditions at the School of Health Sciences, University of Canterbury, New Zealand.

Abstract:

Introduction: Although interest in non-communicable disease research in Africa in general and Ghana, in particular, is increasing, the real burden of hypertension and diabetes and the policy response to these conditions have not yet received the necessary attention.

Statement of the problem: Overemphasis of research on infectious disease (especially malaria and HIV/AIDs) control in Ghana means that few studies have addressed the increasing incidence of diabetes and hypertension. With evidence on policy interventions for controlling hypertension and diabetes generally emanating from High-Income Countries, more studies are needed from Low-and-Middle-Income Country settings to inform policy and practice. 

Study purpose: This study focuses on establishing the burden of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Ghana and explores the perspectives of relevant stakeholders on how they understand and are responding to the challenge of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in Ghana.

Methods: Using a pragmatic policy approach, this paper presents a progress report on the analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease database and routine hospital data from the Ghana Health Service using Joinpoint tools; as well as key informant interview and focus group data from relevant stakeholders in the Ghanaian health system.

Expected outcome: Considering the fact that countries in sub-Saharan Africa share many social, economic and political characteristics, it is expected that this study will have useful lessons for hypertension and diabetes policy and practice beyond Ghana.

Biography:

Dr. Kim has enthusiasm and expertise in public health. He is actively participating in community health promotion activities and has atopy and asthma education information center. He is evaluating the quality of life of children with allergies and is trying to provide a basis for health promotion school for allergic diseases

Abstract:

The EuroQol Group developed the EQ-5D-Y, a child-friendly version of the EQ-5D to be used with children and adolescents. This study aimed to comparison of health-related quality of life of elementary school students according to allergy symptoms using of the EQ-5D-Y.  The subjects of the study were recruited by convenience sampling from 10 primary schools in Gyungbuk, South Korea. We sent informing newsletter to the students' families. The EQ-5D-Y was self-administered in the sample population and demographic and health information were collected from the subjects’ parents or guardians. In order to explore the construct validity of the EQ-5D-Y, the difference in the percentage of respondents reporting problems by prevalence of allergic symptoms (wheezing, runny or blocked nose, and itchy rash) in the past 12 months. In addition, the difference in the percentage of respondents reporting problems and EQ-VAS score depending on the number of allergic symptoms were examined. Total 2,494 questionnaire were collected. Missing response was 24 (0.96%) on the EQ-5D-Y and 187 (7.5%) on the VAS. Proportion of reported problem ranged from 2.3% on the mobility to 9.8% on the having pain or discomfort dimension. Group with wheezing, rhinorrhea or nasal stiffness, and itching rash were showed significantly higher problem reporting proportion in most EQ-5D-Y dimensions than healthy group without each symptom. As the number of symptoms increase, Percentage of respondent reporting problems were increased and the VAS score decreased.   

Biography:

Pamela N. Magande is a medical doctor with a postgraduate degree in Public health. Her main interest is developing practical, cheap ways of improving community health. She is currently working in HIV care and treatment in Zimbabwe.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Clients on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) are living longer and have risk of hypertension. Side effects of medicines and aging increase this risk. Hypertension prevalence among clients on ART in Kadoma City was estimated to be 30% in 2015. Of these, 61% had uncontrolled hypertension. This was high compared to 46% of hypertensives in the general population who had uncontrolled hypertension. We determined factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among clients on ART.

Methodology: A 1.1 unmatched case control study was conducted. Interviews, anthropometric measurements and record reviews were to collect data on demography and medical history. Epi Info 7 was used for univariate, bivariate analysis and logistic regression.

Findings: One hundred and fifty-two cases and 152 controls were recruited into the study. Adding salt to dishes regularly aOR=5.69(3.19-10.16), body mass index (BMI) above 25kg/m2 aOR= 2.81(1.60- 4.91) and history of elevated blood pressure in previous year aOR=2.34(1.33-4.13) were independent risk factors. Independent protective factors were duration more than two years since HIV diagnosis aOR=0.58(0.35-0.95), duration less than five years since hypertension diagnosis aOR=0.50(0.30-0.83) and walking or cycling as a means of transport aOR=0.27(0.16-0.48).

Conclusion: Adding salt to dishes regularly, BMI above 25 kg/m2, history of elevated blood pressure in the previous year, duration more than two years since HIV diagnosis, duration less than five years since hypertension diagnosis and walking or cycling as a means of transport were independently associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Health education on lifestyle changes like walking and cycling as transport and dietary modification such as salt intake reduction were recommended.

Key words: Uncontrolled hypertension, ART, Kadoma

Biography:

Hui Wang has her expertise in nutritional epidemiology and molecular epidemiology. Her passion was dedicated on the mechanism of environmental and genetic impact on the diseases pathogenesis .Previously, she focused on the genetic deficiency of innate immunity would trigger the process of cancer, research has published on Hepatology.  Recently, the dietary pattern of China is undergoing the transition period; meanwhile, the overweight situation gets more and more serious. Thus, she moved her research on the nutritional epidemiology. Papers have published in European Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrition research.  

Abstract:

Purpose: To investigate the gender difference of getting metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its various associations with dietary diversity at different ages. Methods: Data of adults(n=4308) aged 18+ y with three consecutive 24-h recalls and complete co-variates information were extracted from Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2009. Modified Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was adopted to capture the diversity of diet. MetS was defined by the harmonized criteria. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was carried out to detect the association between DDS and MetS and its components for young, middle aged and elderly adults by a cross-sectional study. Results: Female were more likely to get MetS than male counterparts, especially after 50 years old, and the risk follows an inverse-U shape for both genders. Moveover, DDS played a significant protective role in MetS for young female (<45), similar trends were detected in serum TGs, abdominal adiposity, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose (all P trends < 0.05). However, this association reversed in old female (>60) [OR (95%CI): 1.69(1.05, 2.72)] and male adults [OR (95%CI): 1.59(1.04, 2.44); 2.18(1.30, 3.65)]. Greater DDS was associated with higher serum TGs, and lower HDL-C level for male adults (45≤ & <60) [OR (95%CI): 1.56(1.17,2.08); 2.00(1.24,3.24)], higher blood pressure for old men (>60) [OR (95%CI): 2.49(1.76,3.53); 1.54(1.00,2.35)], but lower blood pressure and fasting blood glucose in young man(<45) (all P <0.05). Conclusion: The association between DDS and MetS varies at different ages and differs for male and female. Targeted strategy of health education in balanced diet should be designed for different population, especially, the old women and middle aged men to reduce the burden of chronic diseases. 

Biography:

Anne Jamaludin research is mainly focused on injury prevention (accidental and non-accidental injuries) in children. Her passion is on advocating for child’s rights and health within the healthcare delivery settings to ensure that all children have access to health and living in a safe environment.

Abstract:

It is well established that accidental and non-accidental injuries are a major public health problem globally. Not only do they affect individuals, injuries affect families, the community, government and internationally as well. Injuries span throughout childhood and into adulthood. Purpose of this study is to identify what are the difficulties and challenges in identifying and reporting NAI at the emergency (ETD) and trauma department in Malaysian hospitals.

Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted at the ETD in three major hospitals in the Klang Valley, Malaysia which consists of specialists, medical officers, nurses and medical assistants.

Low rate of NAI cases (2.7%) identified proved that there is significant gap identified in medical professionals’ knowledge and skills related to understanding, identifying and detecting NAI, particularly among medical officers who are in charge of diagnosis and reports in the hospital. Those who had previous experience or encounters in dealing with NAI cases would have higher suspicion index compared to those who haven’t. Other medical professionals such as nurses and medical assistants although do not have the mandate to diagnose or report of NAI cases, needed to have the basic knowledge and awareness and play more active role in their respective settings. 

Biography:

Her distinction in Forensic Medicine has pursued Dr Thilaka Chinnayah to further her interest in public health. After obtaining Masters in Occupational Health, she specializes in field epidemiology and was the first graduate of Epidemic Intelligence Program to be sent to WHO, Manila to sub-specialize in Health Security and Emergencies.  Attachment as a senior epidemiologist has given her vast exposure to international work in West Africa, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia and Lao PDR. She shared her experience and knowledge in disaster management during the flooding and cyclones in Thailand, Indonesia and Vanuatu. She was involved in many outbreak investigations and was at ground zero when Malaysia detected its first case of Mers-CoV and the unusual outbreak of Sarcocystitis. In recognition of her excellence contribution to public health, she received several national awards from the Government and NGOs and nominated for the Great Women of Our Times 2016 by the Women’s Weekly Magazine.  

Abstract:

Measles Elimination Programme (MEP) in Malaysia was started in 2004 and targeted elimination by 2010. However, this target has not achieved and revised target was set as 2018. Study was carried out to determine the progress made towards the elimination of measles and factors affecting it.

By multistage stratification, we identified four to eight facilities from two districts (urban and rural) respectively, from each of seven states in all regions of country. Secondary data from 2006-2016 measles surveillance system were analyzed from web based reporting system (e-notification and e-measles). Outbreak reports, vaccine coverage at States, Districts and Health Centers were reviewed and personnel involved in measles surveillance and vaccination programme were interviewed. MEP Surveillance indicators for year 2016 were assessed.

Incidence of measles in 2016 was 3 per million populations (target 1/1million) with cyclical peak reported every 3–4 years. No gender differences among the cases. Measles were high in ≤15 years (76%) and among them 29% were children below one year. Fifty percent of the measles cases were not vaccinated. Main reason for non-vaccination being vaccine refusal and on alternative medicine (47%). MCV1 coverage for state and district level was above 95% but some health centers revealed lower coverage (75%-90%). Most of MEP surveillance targets were achieved except for only 72% (target >80%)laboratory results were available within four days of specimen received.

Measles is still endemic in Malaysia and the incidence showed 3-4 years of cyclical peak. Low vaccine coverage at the level of health center and delayed lab result hinder measles elimination. National measles supplementary immunization activity targeting children 1-15 years is recommended focusing on low coverage areas. In addition, a follow-up campaign every three years, strengthening health education on acceptance of vaccination and improving turn over time of laboratory will ensure measles elimination in Malaysia achieved by 2022.

Biography:

Angga Hendro Priyono is one of student in Faculty of Medicine, Lampung University, He is a Secretary of Student Representative Council in his University. He has published more than five papers journal and serving as an editorial board member. He has done more than three community services on public health scope in three different villages. Because of the devotion, the village can explore the existing resources in the village and can be utilized optimally by the local community.

Abstract:

Malaria is one of the most contagious diseases which is still a public health problem in the world including Indonesia. The prevalence of malaria in Indonesia is 6.0 percent, with malaria endemic areas spread from east to west. Statistical data describes Lampung as an endemic area with the highest point in Sukajaya Lempasing village, Pesawaran. The high incidence of malaria in the village is caused by the lack of community’s role to eradicate malaria. Therefore, it is necessary to create an appropriate solution to optimize the role of community in malaria eradication. In order to optimize the role of Sukajaya Lempasing village community, we formed  a group of agent named BOM PASSION. BOM PASSION agents serve as promoter of malaria prevention as well as implementing BOM PASSION program to suppress malaria incidence rate.  The program will be consist of junk bank, Nila fish farming, and the making of peripheral blood smear preparations. Selected agents are agents that suitable with the criteria: 25-45 years old and want to attend counseling and training on malaria. Counseling and training are given in 5 stages (malaria, junk bank and  mosquito nets counseling also training of how to make peripheral blood smear preparations and  nila fish farming). In every stage of counseling and training, agents are required to do pretest and post test to assess the changes of their knowledge. After counseling and training have been completed, evaluation and  agents confirmation is carried out. The result of this program is in the form of agents consist of 25 people that divided into five divisions such as core comitte, junk bank, Nila fish farming, blood smear preparations, and field coordination. The agents are able to promote malaria prevention and carry out the whole program of BOM PASSION systematically resulting in a decrease of malaria incidance rate.

Biography:

Deanna Mulvihill has her expertise in evaluation and passion in improving the health and wellbeing. Her open and contextual evaluation model based on responsive constructivists creates new pathways for improving healthcare

Abstract:

Introduction: The prevalence of gastric cancer in Korea is increasing, and anemia is one of the most common complications of a gastrectomy. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of

anemia and assess its associated factors in long-term gastric cancer survivors.

Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study of gastric cancer patients who visited a single

medical center from January 2009 to December 2014 in Korea. We included 385 patients who survived

for at least five years after gastrectomy with no recurrence or metastasis. Anemia was defined by World

Health Organization criteria (Hb < 12 g/dL in women and <13 g/dL in men).

Results: Hemoglobin levels decreased from 14.24 ± 1.23 mg/dL before surgery to 13.60 ± 1.57 mg/dL one year after surgery (P < 0.001). The cumulative incidence rate of anemia after surgery increased linearly from 18.7% in the first year to 39.5% in the fifth year. The risk of anemia was higher in females (RR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.26e3.18), patients that received total gastrectomy (RR, 3.00; 95% CI, 2.09e4.30) and patient with diabetes (RR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.05e3.22). A higher postoperative BMI decreased the risk of anemia (RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.22e0.67).

Conclusions: During five years of follow-up after gastrectomy, the incidence of anemia steadily increased, and the risk of anemia was higher in females, total gastrectomy patients, patients with diabetes, low BMI patients.

Biography:

Muhammad Sarwat Mirza possesses wide experience in the field of program/ project designing and development, program management, Monitoring, Evaluation & Research especially related to Reproductive Health, Nutrition and Family Planning, working with HANDS for last 22 years. He had experience of developing Behavior Change Communication material for promotion of breast feeding, dietary habits of pregnant and lactating women, nutrition for children and adolescents. among the rural communities. Recently he has concluded two operation research projects with multiple partners and donors on “Nutrition and Reproductive health issues of Pregnant women to improve the birth outcome and reduce the low birth weight incidence”, and Rapid assessment of drought stricken area in Pakistan. He played a major role in organizing the Pakistan SUN movement (Scale Up Nutrition) CSO Alliance.

Mr. Mirza did MBBS and master in Public health and had served at Dept. of Pediatrics, The Aga Khan University Hospital Pakistan. He worked on several clinical research projects such as Dietary management of diarrhea, control trial of local food, zinc supplementation in malnourished children.  He is serving as Research advisor for Community Health Initiatives related to Food, Nutrition and Research to Allama Iqbal Open University Pakistan for post graduate medical students.  He is a citizen of Pakistan and fluent in English and Urdu.

Abstract:

Keywords: Anemia in Pregnant women, low birth weight. Multiple Micro-nutrient, communit based intervention

In Pakistan, 32% of all babies born have low birth weight which is a major contributor to new born and infant mortality and stunting of 44% of children <5 years of age.  

We conducted first prospective community based study in Pakistan that has researched the effect of Multiple Micro-nutrient (MMN) along with a set of composite community based interventions on prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and incidence of low weight births in the remotest and highly food insecure regions. The hypothesis postulated that the proper counseling and guidance at community level about nutrition, dietary intake of proper local foods and micro-nutrient supplements (including the iron-folate) may improve the nutrition status of pregnant women and hemoglobin level through improved dietary practices and ensures the regular intake of micro-nutrients. All these impact the improve birth weight of the newborn child.

Study participants were 1,204 pregnant women (600 in intervention and 604 in control group). The interventions were nutrition counselling, provision of multiple micro-nutrient and de-worming tablets, regular follow up, measurement of weight, hemoglobin in each trimester of each enrolled pregnant women

• In the intervention group (69.1%) women modified their diet. Significantly higher proportion of women increased the number of meals and content

-          (98.7%) pregnant women reported regular intake of mulitple micronutrient.  

• The change in mean haemoglobin levels in the intervention area was 2 gm/dl, which is significantly higher
• The low birth weight among the intervention group women was 3.8%, significantly lower than the national figure of 32%. Analysis showed that per unit (kilogram) increase in weight since the enrollement higher Hb in last trimester, a higher gain in Hemoglobin and BMI levels reduced the risk of low weight birth by 0.90 times.

Conclusion:

Our study successfully demonstrated that in rural remote areas where the food insecurity already prevailed, community based provision and improving intake of Multiple Micro-Nutrient to pregnant women, deworming, dietary counselling, significantly reduce the prevalence of anemia and resultantly reduce the incidence of low birth weight.

Biography:

Ni Ketut Aryastami a researcher at the Center for Humanity and Health Management, National Institute of Health Research and Development , Ministry of Health Rep. of  Indonesia. Her background is nutritionist with expertise in public health management and Community nutrition. She got her PhD from the University of Indonesia with the disertation titled: ‘Early growth appointed growth towards pre-pubertal”.  Stuntedness in children is her main interest. The ongoing project she working is ‘Study on policy implementation of the first thousand days of life in Indonesia”. 

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Growing short has been started in the womb of malnourished mothers, indicated by  having low birth weight and grew in deviation curve. Critical window of growth   taken  place at first 1000 days of  life. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of early growth, towards the growth of pre-puberty’s period. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The study design was retrospective, utilizing Indonesian Family Life Survey panel data of 1993, 1997, and 2000.  Study population was Indonesian households covering 13 out of 27 provinces in 1993 for the representativeness of urban-rural and  national. Sampel was children, age 0-2 years old at the baseline, followed up at age of  4-6  and 7-9 years (pre-puberty). The data analysis was done for Multivariate Logistic Regression. Findings: Early child growth was appointed growth of pre-puberty.  Factors related to stunted at early life was poverty (OR=1,78; 95%CI=1,06-2,99), urban settlement (OR=2,92; 95%CI=1,74-4,90), as well as  poor hygiene and sanitation  (OR=1,84; 95%CI=1,10-3,09).  Short at age of 4-6 years is related to short at early age (OR=3,73; 95%CI= 2,160-6,343). Early growth and growth pattern of stunted (S) and normal (N) at early age of 0-2 years  (02) and age of 4-6 years (46) showed, 77,1%  of 02S_46S stayed stunted  (OR=27,43; 95%CI=11,68-64,43). As much as 59,5% of 02N_46S experienced growth faltering becoming  stunted (OR=14,00; 95%CI=5,95-32,95). Children who were 02S_46N account for 84,3%  grew  normally  (OR=1,48; 95%CI=0,55-4,00; p=0,441) at pre-puberty. Growth improvememnt of these subjects were generally  supported by the economic improvements.  Conclusion: Stunting can be corrected during childhood. Efforts on stunting intervention should be focused at the first 1000 days of life, and if necessary be followed up until age of five years. Cohort and Multi-center studies are needed to better understand the problems and factors related to stunting specifically at the pocket areas in Indonesian situation.  

Biography:

Rejane Figueiredo is a statistician, with master degree in Statistical and Phd in Epidemiology. Her interest areas are obesity in childhood and adolescence, metabolism and cancer. She is working at The Finnish Health in Teens study (Fin-HIT). Fin-HIT is a cohort study including more than 10 000 Finnish preadolescents in the age 9-12 years. Fin-HIT enables to study a series of etiological hypotheses regarding the role of exposures and mediating factors, including genetic susceptibility, epigenetics, and microbiota on the development of body size. 

Abstract:

Aims: Little is known about impact of maternal alcohol and tobacco consumption on adolescents’ body size. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether maternal alcohol or tobacco consumption is associated with their children’s body size in adolescence, assessed by Body Mass Index (BMI).

Methods: This study was conduct in subjects recruited into the Finnish Health in Teens cohort (Fin-HIT) between 2011 and 2014. A total of 4,525 subjects aged between 9 and 14 years and their mothers or female adults responsible for the children were analysed. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Multinomial Logistic Regression.

Results: Most children were normal weight (74.5%), 10.6% were underweight and 14.9% were overweight or obese. Among mothers, 50.6% were never smokers, 35.7% were former smokers, and 13.7% were current smokers. Alcohol consumption was classified by Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), 12.7% were abstainers (score=0), 65.0% were low-moderate drinkers (scores 1- 4) and 22.3% were harmful drinkers (scores ≥ 5). There were statistically significant associations between currently smoking mothers and children’s overweight (RR=1.36; 95% CI: 1.05-1.75). There was an inverse association between maternal former smoking and children’s underweight (RR = 0.70; CI: 0.56–0.87) compared to never smoker mothers. Among children in puberty, abstainer mothers were more likely to have underweight children compared to low-moderate mothers (RR=1.57; 95% CI: 1.03-2.41).

Conclusion:

Current smoker mothers were associated with children’s overweight and former-smoker mothers were inversely associated with the children’s underweight. Being an abstainer mother was associated with the children’s underweight in puberty stage. If other studies confirm these results, public health interventions aiming at healthy weight of adolescents should target the whole family, not only the adolescents themselves.

Biography:

Dr. Kunda D. Mendhekar  has  her expertise in to assess the magnitude of communicable and non- communicable disease in the community and assess the community to adopt preventive and curative measure   for the same. And to demonstrate the professional skill to the community.

Abstract:

Background

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) account for two-thirds of all deaths globally. Health Check up camp and Health Tips  have the requisite expertise to initiate and lead NCD risk factor screening and prevention programmes. The workplace can provide an ideal setting for Health check up camps  to screen for risk factors and implement prevention programmes.

Objective

This study was designed to identify the common modifiable risk factors for NCD among employees of a corporate institution.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of NCD risk factors was conducted in  corporate institution , Delhi, India. Employees were evaluated using the World Health Organisation STEPS Instrument (Steps I and II). The prevalence of risk factors were expressed as frequencies and percentages.

Results

A total of  1086 employees (response rate 36.2%) participated in the study. Poor dietary habits, suboptimal blood pressure, Random Blood sugar level and physical inactivity were identified as the most common modifiable NCD risk factors in this population.

Conclusion

Knowledge of NCD risk factors can be used by Health care workeres  to implement health promotion programmes in the workplace as a means of reducing NCD-related economic and social burdens in  organization.

Biography:

Maria do Céu Ferreira hold a Ph.D. in Industrial Engineering at Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal, with research focused on the study of metrological traceability of medical devices with a measuring function. For over 20 years professionally has taken a Metrologist position in conception, development and implementation of metrological activities related to scientific, legal and applied Metrology.  Her scientific interest falls in the area of Quality Engineering mainly focused on Health Metrology and Quality Assurance applied to measuring instruments. Large teaching experience covering topics such as Metrology (Scientific, Applied and Legal), Measurement Uncertainty Analyses and Quality Systems Management. She is also Quality Auditor in the field of accredited laboratories.

Abstract:

: Interest and debates on metrology for health have grown over the last years and led to discussion about the key role of metrological and statistical principles applied in health care and health monitoring systems. Measurement results are supposed to provide accurate and reliable results and health care professionals assume they are accurate, reliable and comparable over time. This assumption implies that measurements are metrologically traceable. Nevertheless, there should be awareness that errors and uncertainties in the use of measuring instruments, methods and procedures could lead to unsuitable clinical procedures, wrong diagnoses, or inadequate treatments. Although errors occur in a wide variety of medical measurements, health care professionals believe that the most serious errors in medical measurements is motivated by any purposes other than the lack of metrological traceability. Based on the work developed by the multidisciplinary Health Metrology Task Group (HMTG), this paper depicts new approaches for best practises in health metrology. Aiming to enhance its metrological traceability, the case study is applied to an infusion technology. The specific role of metrology education is highlighted, focusing on the framework of hospitals’ policy and the related background of health professionals. The discussion is structured around the ongoing project EMPIR 15SIP03. 

Biography:

Jonathan Cho is a Clinical Assistant Professor and Infectious Diseases Clinical Pharmacist at the University of Texas at Tyler College of Pharmacy. He serves as the director of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program at Longview Regional Medical Center and on the speaker’s bureau for Allergan Pharmaceuticals. He has a strong passion for improving antimicrobial stewardship practices and post-graduate education for pharmacists. His most recent research involves patient scoring systems to optimize outcomes related to Clostridium difficile infections and educational initiatives that improve learning and retention in the classroom. Jonathan is also actively engaged within various pharmacy organizations and is currently serving as the President-Elect of the East Texas Society of Health-System Pharmacists.

Abstract:

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a huge healthcare concern among adults worldwide and can cause increases in healthcare costs and complications in affected individuals. Several STDs, such as hepatitis B and human papillomavirus, can be prevented through pre-exposure vaccinations while vaccines for other STDs are currently being explored. Even with the widespread availability of certain vaccines, the prevalence of vaccinated individuals remains low. The low rate of vaccination can be attributed to access to recommended care and lack of education for both providers and patients. Many patients have not heard of vaccine-preventable STDs and its related vaccines but are willing to receive vaccinations if the government recommends patients to receive vaccinations and if the vaccine is easily accessible. Some studies have also shown a significant correlation between the individuals level of education and vaccination rates. Increasing awareness and education to providers regarding their role on vaccine-preventable STDs also increased the rate of vaccinated patients. If STDs are not treated appropriately, it can lead to significant health problems such as advanced infectious complications, organ dysfunction and in some cases, cancer. By appropriately informing patients about STDs and vaccination schedules, these complications can be avoided. This presentation outlines the importance of vaccines in the setting of STDs, interventions used to increase vaccination rates, and the significance of provider interaction when educating patients.

Biography:

Abstract:

‘Introduction The proportion of the Palestinian children who are not on track in their early development is higher than that among their peers in neighboring countries. This study aimed to assess and explain the association between unimproved water supply and early childhood development, and examine its implication for policy and programmes in Palestine.

Method Demographic and health data obtained from nationally representative surveys were merged and analyzed. Descriptive analysis was used to investigate the magnitude and patterns of inadequate access to running water from household tap and its association with early childhood development in Palestine.

A causal mediation model was used to assess the pathways through which access to domestic water supply interacts with poverty, and affects early childhood development. Data were analyzed using the structural sequential method, and the potential outcome framework, while the confounders (such as age, sex, mother education) were controlled for using bootstrapping and propensity matching tests. 

Ecological data about multidimensional socioeconomic, health, and environmental conditions in 52 communities in West Bank, Jerusalem and Gaza were gathered. Data were analyzed using z score (level of dispersion), to develop a single summary measure capturing the multidimensional influence of water supply on children’s wellbeing and development.

Findings Inadequate access to water supply might influence early childhood development through causal pathways of inadequate poverty. For one standard deviation increase in access to unimproved water supply, a 0.308 increase is predicted for the prevalence of child under-development through indirect effect mediated by poverty, and a 0.084 increase due to direct effect.

The Ecological data indicated the average z of unimproved water supply variables in the target communities could be indicative of possible low scores of early childhood development.

CDI: Child development index, Water: z score of water supply variables

Interpretation Inadequate water supply might exacerbate the negative effects of poverty and inadequate family care on early childhood health and development. These findings suggests that holistic perspectives are needed in systems and interventions to monitor child wellbeing and development.‘Introduction The proportion of the Palestinian children who are not on track in their early development is higher than that among their peers in neighboring countries. This study aimed to assess and explain the association between unimproved water supply and early childhood development, and examine its implication for policy and programmes in Palestine.

Method Demographic and health data obtained from nationally representative surveys were merged and analyzed. Descriptive analysis was used to investigate the magnitude and patterns of inadequate access to running water from household tap and its association with early childhood development in Palestine.

A causal mediation model was used to assess the pathways through which access to domestic water supply interacts with poverty, and affects early childhood development. Data were analyzed using the structural sequential method, and the potential outcome framework, while the confounders (such as age, sex, mother education) were controlled for using bootstrapping and propensity matching tests. 

Ecological data about multidimensional socioeconomic, health, and environmental conditions in 52 communities in West Bank, Jerusalem and Gaza were gathered. Data were analyzed using z score (level of dispersion), to develop a single summary measure capturing the multidimensional influence of water supply on children’s wellbeing and development.

Findings Inadequate access to water supply might influence early childhood development through causal pathways of inadequate poverty. For one standard deviation increase in access to unimproved water supply, a 0.308 increase is predicted for the prevalence of child under-development through indirect effect mediated by poverty, and a 0.084 increase due to direct effect.

The Ecological data indicated the average z of unimproved water supply variables in the target communities could be indicative of possible low scores of early childhood development.

CDI: Child development index, Water: z score of water supply variables

Interpretation Inadequate water supply might exacerbate the negative effects of poverty and inadequate family care on early childhood health and development. These findings suggests that holistic perspectives are needed in systems and interventions to monitor child wellbeing and development.

Biography:

Dr Wenru Wang has completed her PhD received her PhD at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. She is now an Assistant Professor at Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore. She has published more than 80 papers in reputed international refereed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member.

Abstract:

Background: There has been increasing evidence that elderly living alone or with another elderly are at higher risk for poorer health outcomes. However, little attention has been given to these elderly to engage in health-promoting and risk preventive actions. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Salutogenic Healthy Aging Program Embracement (SHAPE) intervention for elderly-only households in Singapore. Methods: The Salutogenesis model, which focuses on positive well-being and health optimization instead of the traditional biomedical model on pathogenesis, underpins this study. This single-blinded randomized control trial will be conducted in the west of Singapore, for elderly ≥ 65 years old living alone or with another elderly. While participants in the control group receive usual care offered in the community, elderly in the experimental group receive the SHAPE intervention, a 12-week community-based program comprising of at least 2 home visits, 10 weekly group-based activity sessions and a SHAPE health-promotion booklet. Outcome measures include sense of coherence, self-efficacy, quality of life, health-promoting behavior and other health-related outcomes. Data will be collected at four time-points: baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. Individual qualitative interviews will also be conducted for elderly receiving SHAPE intervention to explore their views on the program. Conclusion: The SHAPE intervention seeks to identify, equip and strengthen resources in elderly-only households, encouraging the adaptation of health-promoting and risk-preventing actions. It targets on a vulnerable group of older population to help them cope with health, age-related stressors and promote independent living in the comfort of their homes. 

Biography:

Dr El Sharif is an Associate professor of Public Health. She has a doctoral degree in medical sciences-epidemiology from the Katholieke Universiteit of Leuven-Belgium. She joined Al Quds University-Faculty of Public health in year 1998. For the past 10 years, she was the research coordinator of several international projects. Also, she worked as a consultant for several international organizations. In addition, she was the board's head of the Health Forum, an NGO, for 9 years. She has experience in research on diabetes, cancer, allergy, asthma, lead and others. Her research interest is in NCDs and its related co-morbidities in particular those related to lifestyle and environmental exposures as risk factors. She is a member of the Research Ethics Committee (REC) at Al Quds University.

Abstract:

Background

Questionnaire based surveys are an importance tool in epidemiology and public health research. Although there may be a certain degree of bias in this quality of care assessment tool since some of these measurements may be misleading, it remains an inexpensive tool for such assessments. The quality of services provided to diabetic patients in Palestine has not been studied previously.  This study provides a context for the measurement of the quality of care of patients with diabetes.

Objectives: To evaluate the agreement on testing at the proper time between self-report and medical record in primary care centers in the West Bank.

Methods:  Data from interviews and medical records were available on 882 diabetic patients attending nine primary health care centers in Palestine.  Cohen's kappa coefficient (k), agreement beyond chance, between data provided in patient medical record and self-report was calculated.

Results: Agreement on testing at the proper time between self-report and medical record was poor to fair in strength (k: 0.06- 0.28), and was poor to substantial (k: 0.10- 0.70) for diabetes comorbids. 

After adjustment, clinic location and ownership were strong determinants for agreement in the proper time of testing. Also, the personal characteristic age and gender were the most important factors in determining comorbids in those patients.

Conclusion: The evaluation of the quality of care based on medical records should be treated with great caution in Palestine since it’s a manual process. However, reliance on both sources of information is useful to establish monitoring tools on which decisions can be based.  

Biography:

Ms. Jayalakshmi Rajeev is working as an Assistant Professor at Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, India. She pursued Master of Public Health from Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum. She has two years of research experience in Public Health including associations with reputed institutions; Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, CEHAT, Mumbai and Monash University, Malaysia. She had undergone courses on “International Leadership and Organizational Behaviour” conducted by University of Bocconi and “Introduction to Global Health” conducted by University of Copenhagen and qualified University Grants Commission’s National Eligibility test for Junior Research Fellowship. She has published original articles in reputed peer reviewed journals in the fields of Palliative Care and Child health. Her research interests include Health and Nutrition of Women, Child and Elderly, Global Health and Health Policy, Health Inequities.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Stunting is an indicator of chronic nutritional deprivation among children.  However, what happens to the affected children as they grow older is not known due to the lack of adequate prospective studies in this area.  Present paper addresses this issue using the data of two India Human Development Surveys (IHDS I and II) in 2005 and 2012, conducted among same samples. IHDS I and II collected data during the periods 2004-05 and 2011-12 respectively by the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. Children with anthropometric measurements were included in the present study constituting about 411 children below five years from IHDS I and 390 children of age 7-12 years from IHDS II. The prevalence of stunting among children below five years in IHDS I and children of age 7-12 years in IHDS II are compared.  Pearson Chi-square test was performed to find out the associations with socioeconomic variables. A drastic reduction in the prevalence of stunting was observed among children as they grew older from 0-5 years to 7-12 years (50.4% vs. 20.3%) during the period between the two surveys. The boys of age 7-12 years were found to be more stunted than girls and the finding was significant at 10% level (23.1% vs. 17.0%). The increase in annual income and monthly per capita expenditure is also evident from the sample though a significant association could not be established with stunting. The cognitive skills of stunted and normal children did not vary widely. The results of this study indicate that the stunted children can regain their growth and development in the early adolescence provided the socio-economic conditions in which they live also improve. All stakeholders, policy makers in particular have to exploit this second ‘window of opportunity’ in children’s lives to regain the deprived growth in their younger ages. 

Biography:

Hui Wang has her expertise in nutritional epidemiology and molecular epidemiology. Her passion was dedicated on the mechanism of environmental and genetic impact on the diseases pathogenesis .Previously, she focused on the genetic deficiency of innate immunity would trigger the process of cancer, research has published on Hepatology.  Recently, the dietary pattern of China is undergoing the transition period; meanwhile, the overweight situation gets more and more serious. Thus, she moved her research on the nutritional epidemiology. Papers have published in European Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrition research.  

Abstract:

Purpose: To investigate the gender difference of getting metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its various associations with dietary diversity at different ages. Methods: Data of adults(n=4308) aged 18+ y with three consecutive 24-h recalls and complete co-variates information were extracted from Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey in 2009. Modified Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was adopted to capture the diversity of diet. MetS was defined by the harmonized criteria. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression was carried out to detect the association between DDS and MetS and its components for young, middle aged and elderly adults by a cross-sectional study. Results: Female were more likely to get MetS than male counterparts, especially after 50 years old, and the risk follows an inverse-U shape for both genders. Moveover, DDS played a significant protective role in MetS for young female (<45), similar trends were detected in serum TGs, abdominal adiposity, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose (all P trends < 0.05). However, this association reversed in old female (>60) [OR (95%CI): 1.69(1.05, 2.72)] and male adults [OR (95%CI): 1.59(1.04, 2.44); 2.18(1.30, 3.65)]. Greater DDS was associated with higher serum TGs, and lower HDL-C level for male adults (45≤ & <60) [OR (95%CI): 1.56(1.17,2.08); 2.00(1.24,3.24)], higher blood pressure for old men (>60) [OR (95%CI): 2.49(1.76,3.53); 1.54(1.00,2.35)], but lower blood pressure and fasting blood glucose in young man(<45) (all P <0.05). Conclusion: The association between DDS and MetS varies at different ages and differs for male and female. Targeted strategy of health education in balanced diet should be designed for different population, especially, the old women and middle aged men to reduce the burden of chronic diseases. 

Biography:

Abstract:

Background/Objective: Although obesity is the most important risk factor for diabetes, evidence is emerging that certain foods and dietary factors may be associated with diabetes. Empirical evidence from western countries have shown that the choice of foods plays a role in diabetes prevention. We examined the association between consumption of different food items and the risk of diabetes in adult men and women in India.

Methods: Analysis is based on a large-scale population based cross-sectional study of 99,574 women and 56,742 men aged 20-49 years included in India’s third National Family Health Survey, 2005-06.  Effects of various food intake determined by frequency of consumption (daily, weekly, occasionally and never), on the reported prevalence of diabetes were estimated using multivariable logistic regression after adjusting for body mass index, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, television watching and socio-economic and demographic characteristics such as age, education, religion, caste/tribe, living standard of the household and residence. The analysis was done separately for men and women.

Results: Daily intakes of fruits were found to be associated with a reduced risk of diabetes both among men (OR:0.33;95%CI:0.22-0.50;p<0.0001) and women (OR:0.44;95%CI:0.32-0.61;p<0.0001) whereas weekly or occasional intake of milk or curd and pulses and beans was associated with a reduced risk of diabetes among men but not women. The risk of diabetes was 2.5 times higher among men (OR:2.46;95%CI:1.66-3.65;p<0.0001) and 1.7 times higher among women (OR:1.72;95%CI:1.26-2.33;p=0.001) who consumed fish daily as compared to those who never consumed fish. Weekly fish intake also contribute to a higher risk of diabetes both among men (OR:1.77;95%CI:1.24-2.53;p=0.002) and women (OR:1.41;95%CI:1.07-1.87;p=0.016). No significant association was observed with the consumption of green leafy vegetables, eggs, chicken or meat with risk of diabetes in adult Indians.

Conclusion: Our findings provide support for potential behavioral prevention strategies, as we identified a food intake pattern that was strongly associated with the risk of diabetes. Our results also suggest that prevention of diabetes might be aided by consumption of certain foods that are rich in nutrients with hypothesized health benefits in this population. However, more epidemiological research with better measures of food intake and clinical measures of diabetes is needed to validate the findings in a developing country setting.

Keywords: fruit; fish; vegetables; diabetes; men; women; NFHS-3; India