Public Health, Nutrition & Epidemiology

Abstract: 

Purpose: To confirm the diagnosis, to know magnitude, risk factors and recommend preventive measures.

 

Methods:

Investigation was carried out from 15th June to 19th June 2016. Any person of any age having episodes of loose motions > 3 times or Vomiting in 24 hours, associated with any of the following Nausea, abdominal cramps, blood in stool, fever, mucous in stool from 11th to 19th June 2016 .Active case finding conducted to identify the cases. Descriptive followed by matched case control study was carried out to evaluate the risk factors. Pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. Environment assessment was done. Stool and water samples were sent NIH for Laboratory analysis.

 

Results:

Total 132 diarrhea cases identified with over all attack rate 4% and case fatality rate 3%. Mean age was 18 years (range 1-60 years). Males were more affected 56% (n=73). The most affected group was 6-15 years 32% (n=34). Diarrhea n=132 (100%) and vomiting n=47 (45%) were the commonest symptoms. Owing to severe symptoms 87 (66%) were hospitalized, toilets near < 12 feet away from water source was found in 89% (n=121) of cases and 44% (n=59) in control. The distance between latrine and water source was statistically significant with getting the disease (OR= 11, 95% CI: 6-20, p<0.001) and in those whose family used to eat food combine (OR=7.3, 95% CI 4.2-12.6, p value < 0.001). Vibrio Cholera poly 01 Serotype inaba biotype E1 Tor were detected in 3 stool samples and water samples showed too numerous to count coliforms per 100ml along with ph. 7.9.

 

Conclusion:

Diarrhea outbreak occurred likely due to personal as well as environmental unhygienic practices. Health education session was initiated. Personal hygiene practices was imparted to community. Essential medicines and chlorine tablets distributed among the community. AWD surveillance system